The Effectiveness of Swiss Ball Exercise to Increase Balance and Mobility of Patient with Stroke

Article history


INTRODUCTION
The prevalence of non-communicable diseases has increased over the last 3 years.
Stroke cases increased to 10.9% in 2018 or an estimated 2.1 million people. Central Java was ranked in the top 10 with 11.8% of stroke cases. Post-stroke control adherence to health care facilities nationally is also still low. At the national level, stroke patients who did not reexamined were 21.9%, while in Central Java alone reached 20.6%. This affects the health condition of post-stroke patients [1].
Optimal management of stroke cases will determine the repair process and reduce disability. The obstacle in handling stroke in Indonesia is that post-stroke health care is not optimal, which will then worsen the condition and experience dependence in activities [2], [3]. Stroke is a major cause of job loss and poor quality of life. Disability due to stroke not only affects the sufferer, but also his family members [4]. The burden of stroke is mainly due to disability which also causes high costs for sufferers, families, communities and the state [5]. In America, the cost of care and compensation for decreased productivity related to the incidence of stroke and the resulting disability has cost 65.5 billion dollars in 1 year [6].
Problems that occur after stroke in general are sensomotor disorders, cognitive disorders and emotional disorders. The brain has a very important role in sensory function.
In post-stroke patients, it is necessary to be trained to bring up new stimuli and circuits (sensomotor) so as to replace the function of the damaged circuit [7], [8]. Sensomotor disorders can result in weakness to paralysis of the limbs, muscle tone abnormalities and sensory disturbances, and balance disorders including muscle weakness, decreased soft tissue flexibility and sensory motor control [9], [10]. Loss of function due to impaired motor control in stroke patients can cause loss of coordination, balance and mobility, which will interfere with daily activities and cause dependence on others [11]. Exercise [15]. The results of the study explain that the most effective method to improve balance and mobility of post-stroke patients is using Swiss Ball Exercise [16], [17]. This     soft place, to reduce injury when the patient actually falls [12], [19].
Changes that occur in stroke patients are more significant in those who are of productive age and diligently conduct examinations at the hospital to determine their health condition [23]. In addition, the length of time suffering from a stroke also showed a significant number, where those who had a stroke less than 6 months showed good changes in terms of balance and mobility after stroke [24].
Patients who have a family history of stroke and hypertension have an unfavorable change when given Swiss ball training [25].
This is related to the genetic structure of cell biology and bone structure in patients [26].
Those without a family history of stroke and hypertension, had a significant change in the value of balance and mobility after Swiss ball practice [8], [27].

CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Authors declare no conflict of interest to disclose in this study.