The Relationship Between Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention in Nurses

Abstract


INTRODUCTION
Health institutions will always try to improve the performance of nurses to achieve institutional goals. Important organizations retain nurses with good competence and skills. The aspect that needs to be considered is that nurses get job satisfaction in carrying out their duties [1]. Job satisfaction is an individual feeling that differs from one person to another and is influenced by the standard values that apply to him. If a job is valued higher than one's wishes, then satisfaction with the job will be higher. Indicators in measuring job satisfaction are the work itself, salary, promotions, supervision, and coworkers [2].
Job satisfaction is related to the level of employee turnover. Employees who are satisfied with their jobs will last longer with their bosses, while employees who are dissatisfied tend to show high turnover rates [3]. This is supported by research by Masum, et al. (2016), with the research title "Job Satisfaction and Intention To Quit: An Empirical Analysis Of Nurses In Turkey". The results of this study indicate that there is a negative relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. In this case, if employee job satisfaction is high, the employee turnover rate will be low [4].  [5]. In addition, losses are also felt by employees who are still working, they are likely to feel lost because they have to part with their previous coworkers [3].
Reducing the turnover rate can be done to provide work motivation for nurses. Based on existing empirical studies, there is a relationship between motivation, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Research conducted by Kosi et al. (2015) on 203 high school teachers in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana found that motivation can affect teachers' job satisfaction and reduce turnover intention [6]. Another study was also conducted by Ananto, et al. (2016) which examined the effect of motivation on job satisfaction and turnover intention in Kumon course teachers in Bali and Lombok. The results of this study indicate 1) motivation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, 2) job satisfaction has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention, 3) motivation has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention, and 4) motivation has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention through job satisfaction [7]. This study aims to analyze the relationship between work motivation, job satisfaction, and turnover intention in nurses at Klungkung Hospital.

METHODS
The research design used in this study was a correlational research design with a crosssectional approach [15] 253/EA/KEPK-BUB-2020.

Motivation and Job Satisfaction
In the results of the analysis above, the value of r = 0.623 and p = 0.0005 was obtained.
These results indicate that the relationship between work motivation and job satisfaction shows a strong relationship and has a positive pattern, meaning that the higher the work motivation, the job satisfaction of nurses will increase. Statistical test results showed that there was a significant relationship between work motivation and nurse job satisfaction.

Motivation and Turnover Intention
In the results of the analysis above, the value of r = -0.035 was obtained, and the value of p = 0.680. These results indicate that the relationship between work motivation and turnover intention shows a weak relationship and has a negative pattern, which means that the higher the work motivation, the nurses' turnover intention will decrease. Statistical test results showed that there was no relationship between work motivation and nurse turnover intention.

Satisfaction and Turnover Intention
In the results of the analysis above, the value of r = -0.252 was obtained, and the value of p = 0.003. These results indicate that the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention shows a moderate relationship and has a negative pattern, which means that the higher the job satisfaction of nurses, the nurses' turnover intention will decrease. Statistical test results showed that there was a significant relationship between job satisfaction and nurse turnover intention.

Multivariate Analysis
The   Table 2 Cross-tabulation of Work Motivation and Nurse Turnover Intention

Variables n Corelation Value (r) P value
Work Motivation 139 -0,035 0,680 Turnover intention 139 Table 3 Cross-tabulation of Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention of Nurses

Variables n Corelation Value (r) P value
Job Satisfaction 139 -0,252 0,003 Turnover intention 139  Table 4 Calculation energy, feeling of devotion, also as occupation fulfillment will increment; subsequently, they will be more focused and dynamic as hypothesized by the persuasive theory [26].

Statistic
Consequently, it is essential for nursing managers to advance the improvement of their leadership as well as the work environment with optimism and self-efficacy, and to enhance nurses' work motivation by strengthening their organizational identity [27].
In addition, work motivation is influenced by social support from colleagues, job feedback, expertise, autonomy, and opportunity. This was also conveyed by Sahir,

CONFLIC OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.